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Chapter X focuses on the problem of dangling modifiers, including those of participles, gerunds, infinitives, prepositional phrases, and single adjectives. Dangling modifiers mislead readers due to incorrect grammatical relationships and need to be eliminated by adjusting the sentence structure or changing the way of expression. For example, "Using either military or peaceful means, most of the remaining enemy forces were put out of action." should be revised to "We put most of the remaining enemy forces out of action using either military or peaceful means." This problem is also common in daily life. For instance, "Looking out of the window, the mountains came into view." should be changed to "Looking out of the window, I saw the mountains come into view."

Chapter XI introduces the parallel structure, which can make sentences more logical, rhythmic, and expressive. The elements connected by coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, items in a list or headings, and elements in comparisons should all have the same grammatical form. For example, "Also to be coordinated are water supply, security, and how to move people and trucks across the border more efficiently." should be revised to "Also to be coordinated are water supply, security, and efficient movement of people and trucks across the border." In daily life, when describing a person's strengths, "He is kind, helpful, and always willing to offer a hand." can be optimized to "He is kind, helpful, and willing to offer a hand."

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Chapter X on dangling modifiers was an eye-opener. I used to be oblivious to the errors I made in this regard. For example, I once wrote "Using a new method, the problem was solved." Without realizing, I created a dangling participle. The way it's written, it seems like the problem was using the new method, which is clearly illogical. In translation, such mistakes can lead to significant misinterpretations. If we translate a Chinese sentence carelessly and end up with a dangling modifier in English, the meaning can be completely distorted. This chapter has taught me to always double check that the subject performing the action in a modifying phrase is clear. If the implied subject doesn't match the actual subject of the main clause, it's a red flag. Now, I'll be more cautious and ensure that modifiers are firmly attached to the correct elements in a sentence.

Chapter XI emphasizes parallel structure, and it made me realize how often I've overlooked its importance. I recall writing "We should improve our skills, enhance our knowledge, and being more confident." The lack of parallelism here is obvious now. In a list like this, all elements should follow the same grammatical form. Parallel structure is not just about aesthetics; it's crucial for logical flow. In academic writing, it helps present complex ideas in an organized manner. For instance, when making a series of arguments, parallel structure can make it easier for readers to follow the progression. In translation, maintaining parallelism is key to accurately reflecting the style and meaning of the source text. If the original text has a parallel construction, our translation should mirror it.