30.Janism耆那教

芝芝芹芹

Jainism , religion of India ,established between the 7th and 5th centuries BCE. It was founded by Vardhamana, who was called Mahavira, as a reaction against the Vedic religion, which required animal sacrifices.
Jainism’s core belief is ahimsa, which means noninjury to all living things. Jainism has no belief in a creator god, though there are a number of lesser deities for various aspects of life. Jains believe their religion is eternal and hold that it was revealed in stages by a number of Conquerors, of whom Mahavira was the 24th.
Living as an ascetic, Mahavira preached the need for rigorous penance and self-denial as the means of perfecting human nature, escaping the cycle of rebirth, and attaining moksha, or liberation. Jains view karma as an invisible material substance that interferes with liberation and can be dissolved only through asceticism.
By the end of the 1st century CE the Jains had split into two sects, each of which later developed its own canon of sacred writings：①the Digambaras, who held that an adherent should own nothing, not even clothes, and that women must be reborn as men before they can attain moksha; ② the Svetambaras which is more moderate , who retained a few possessions such as a robe, an alms bowl, a whisk broom, and a mukhavastrika (a piece of cloth held over the mouth to protect against the ingestion and killing of small insects).
from https://www.britannica.com/summary/Jainism

悄悄

耆那教，印度的宗教，建立于公元前7世纪到5世纪之间。它是由被称为Mahavira的Vardhamana建立的，作为对要求动物祭祀的吠陀教的一种反抗。
耆那教的核心信仰是不伤害一切生物。耆那教不信仰创世神，尽管在生活的各个方面都有一些较小的神。耆那教相信他们的宗教是永恒的，并认为它是由许多征服者逐步揭示的，其中大诃婆罗是第24位征服者。

作为一名苦行僧，大诃婆罗宣扬严格的苦修和自我否定的必要性，把它作为作为完善人性的手段、逃离重生的循环、获得解脱或解脱。耆那教认为业力是一种无形的物质，它干扰解放，只有通过禁欲主义才能被溶解。

到公元1世纪末，耆那教分裂成两个教派，每个教派后来都发展出了自己的圣典:①迪甘巴拉派(Digambaras)，他们认为信徒不应该拥有任何东西，甚至不应该拥有衣服，并且认为女性必须投胎为男性才能获得涅槃(moksha);②Svetambaras是比较温和的，他们保留了一些财产，如一件长袍，一个施舍碗，一个扫帚，和一个mukhavastrika(一块放在嘴上的布，以防止小昆虫的吞食和杀死)。

摘选自https://www.britannica.com/summary/Jainism

悄悄

悄悄

小新大人

Your understanding is very thorough, the explanation is clear, and the pictures are beautiful, which gives me a deep understanding of Jainism.

szl

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NGC2377

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山治

It is clear to see your point because you put different color in words due to its  significance,which deserves to be learnt.And as to your contents, I think it's brief but enough for us to have a glimpse to Janism.

Epiphany

The poster is really brief and totally express your ideas about this topic， which  summarizes the things you collected well. After reading your poster, I really get a better understanding of jainism.

Cathy

What I am curious about is that how the Digambaras live the normal life if they don't wear clothes. Even though they cannot be allowed to own anything, they still need to eat and wear clothes to stay healthy. It's a little strange to say about keeping healthy, but I know that it's their chioces. Since it's their religions, I know that I have to respect the religions and embrace them, while sometimes something may just surprise me.