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发表于 2019-1-23 11:11:54
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The first Buddha image appeared more or less simultaneously in Mathura and Gandhara regions in the first century C.E. under the Kushan (c. 50–288) political hegemony; a flurry of images appeared during the reign of KANISKA (c. 78–101 C.E.).
公元1世纪,在库山(约50-288年)政权统治下,第一个佛像几乎同时出现在马图拉和甘原地区;卡尼斯卡统治时期(约西元前78-101年)出现了一些佛像。(术语都没有查)
c. :大约
C.E.:abbr. 基督纪元(Christian Era)
the Kushan:贵霜帝国
改为:第一尊佛像出现于公元一世纪,于贵霜帝国时代(约公元50-288年),在马图拉和犍陀罗地区几乎同时出现;到贵霜帝国的迦腻色加国王治下(约公元78-101年),涌现出众多佛像。
The blocklike compactness and smooth close-fitting robe, almost entirely devoid of folds, are replicated in the earliest standing Buddha image.
几乎完全没有褶皱的袈裟和顺滑合身的长袍,被广泛应用在最早的立佛像上。(漏译)
blocklike块状的
Compactness [kəm'pæktnɪs] n. 简洁;紧密;密实度;紧密度
close-fitting ['kləuz,fitiŋ] adj. 贴身的;紧身的
replicate复制; 重做
建议:其袈裟一体简洁,贴身顺滑,几乎全无褶皱,最早的佛立像都具有这些特点。
The first Mathuran image makers, it seemed, never intended to sculpt an anatomically correct human Buddha.
第一代马图拉佛像雕刻师似乎从来没有打算雕刻一个符合解剖学的佛像。
改为:……符合(人体)解剖学特征的佛像。
Their images were a composite of 32 major and 80 minor laksana, or marks. These literary descriptions were based on natural images and features associated with manly beauty and heroic ideals.
他们的塑像是由32个大点和80个小点组成的。这些文学描述是基于自然形象和与男性美和英雄理想相联系的特征。
改为:这些佛像具有佛的三十二相和八十种好——这些文学性的描述,来自与男性美和英雄式理想相关的天然形象和特征。
Thus the Buddha, a noble being and a cakravartin (ideal ruler), has a smooth and perfectly proportioned body, an oval-shaped head, eyebrows in the shape of the curve of an Indian bow, eyes that recall a lotus bud, ears that evoke the shape of mangos, thighs that are like those of a gazelle, and limbs smooth like a banyan tree.
因此佛陀,一个贵族和理想的统治者,有着光滑的肌肤和比例完美的身体,一个椭圆形的脑袋,弯如印度弓一般的眉毛,莲花蕾般的眼睛,芒果形状的耳朵,瞪羚般的大腿,和犹如悦榕庄般的四肢。
改为:因此佛陀,一个高尚的人、理想的统治者,身形流畅,比例完美,头型椭圆,眉如印度弯弓,眼似莲花初蕾,耳呈芒果之形,腿似瞪羚有力,四肢如菩提树般顺直。
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