每周阅读 第八周
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/globalization.aspmanufacture
v.
(用机器)大量生产，成批制造;编造;捏造;生成，产生(一种物质)
n.
大量制造;批量生产;工业品
tariff
n.
关税;(旅馆、饭店或服务公司的)价目表，收费表;量刑标准
phenomenon
n.
现象;杰出的人;非凡的人(或事物)
commodity
n.
商品;有用的东西;有使用价值的事物
ease
n.
容易;轻易;不费劲;舒适;安逸;自在;无忧无虑
v.
(使)宽慰;减轻;缓解;(使)小心缓缓地移动;使…容易些
instrumental
adj.
起重要作用;用乐器演奏的;为乐器谱写的
n.
器乐曲;工具格;工具词
elite
n.
上层集团;(统称)掌权人物，社会精英
telecommunications
n.
电信;电讯
infrastructure
n.
(国家或机构的)基础设施，基础建设
Is globalization good or bad?
Proponents of globalization will point to the dramatic decline in poverty that has taken place throughout the world over the past several decades, which many economists attribute in part to increased trade and investment between nations. Similarly, they will argue that globalization has allowed products and services such as cellphones, airplanes, and information technology to be spread far more widely throughout the world. On the other hand, critics of globalization will point to the negative impact it has had on specific nations’ industries, which might face increased competition from international firms. Globalization can also have negative environmental impacts due to economic development, industrialization, and international travel.
Why is globalization important?
Globalization is important because it is one of the most powerful forces affecting the modern world, so much so that it can be difficult to make sense of the world without understanding globalization. For example, many of the largest and most successful corporations in the world are in effect truly multinational organizations, with offices and supply chains stretched right across the world. These companies would not be able to exist if not for the complex network of trade routes, international legal agreements, and telecommunications infrastructure that were made possible through globalization. Important political developments, such as the ongoing trade conflict between the United States and China, are also directly related to globalization.
全球化是好是坏？
全球化的支持者将指出，过去几十年来，全世界贫困率急剧下降，许多经济学家将此部分归因于国家间贸易和投资的增加。同样，他们会争辩说，全球化使得手机、飞机和信息技术等产品和服务能够更广泛地传播到世界各地。另一方面，对全球化的批评者将指出全球化对特定国家产业的负面影响，这些产业可能面临来自国际公司日益激烈的竞争。由于经济发展、工业化和国际旅行，全球化也会对环境产生负面影响。
为什么全球化很重要？
全球化之所以重要，是因为它是影响现代世界的最强大的力量之一，因此，如果不了解全球化，就很难理解世界。例如，世界上许多最大和最成功的公司实际上是真正的跨国组织，办事处和供应链遍布世界各地。如果没有通过全球化实现的复杂的贸易路线网络、国际法律协定和电信基础设施，这些公司将无法存在。重要的政治发展，如美国和中国之间持续的贸易冲突，也与全球化直接相关。
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