翻译作业3
结论影响自然排烟效果的因素具有很多不确定性，这可能也是现行规范中一些苛刻提法的理由。从理论上讲，在自然排烟过程中，建筑物内部的烟气流动主要靠热压作用和环境风产生的附加压力所驱动；但是，排烟口、补气口处烟气和空气的具体流动行为也是不可忽视的重要因素，风速过大会造成排烟口、补气口双向流动现象，导致排烟效果的降低。在进行自然排烟设计过程中，一定要根据建筑的结构形式、内部的火灾荷载以及当地的气候情况确定造成双向流动现象的临界风速，并对通风口的布置方式、开口面积进行反复验算然后确定最终的防排烟方案，这才是性能化防火设计的精髓所在。
Conclusion
The factors that affect the efficiency of natural smoke exhaust possess many uncertainties, so it may be the cause of some harsh opinions in the current regularities. Theoretically, in the course of natural smoke exhaust, the process of smoke in a building is driven by environmental wind and the additional pressure produced by the environmental wind. However, the actual flow between the air and the smoke in smoke vent opening and air supply opening is also an important factor, that shouldn’t be ignored. That the velocity is too rapid will result in the bidirectional flow in smoke vent opening and air supply opening, thereby weakening the smoke exhaust. In the process of the natural smoke exhaust design, the ultimate project of smoke control should be based on the structural forms of buildings, the fire load indoors and the local climatic conditions, as to make critical wind speed for bidirectional flow, and the arrangement of vents, as well as the area of vents should be checked repeatedly. All of those are the essence of characteristic design for fire protection.
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